[KSP Modularization] Nanjido Eco Park Restoration from Waste Dumping Site_2014
Nanjido Eco Park Restoration from Waste Dumping Site_2014
Source: KSP Publication (Click Here)
Summary
Korea’s first waste management regulation was the Waste Cleaning Act in 1961; the Environmental Preservation Act for industrial waste was enacted in 1977. Household wastes and industrial wastes were dealt with by the same law after enactment of the Waste Management Act in 1987. Six years remained before closure of the Nanjido dump and unfortunately Nanjido still received wastes of the city of Seoul without having proper regulations.
Though late, the Seoul municipality finally began environmental pollution prevention projects to stop the environmental deterioration caused by the dump and established an eco park (called the World Cup Park later) on top of it. The World Cup Park is becoming more and more ecologically healthy as time passes. It has become an attraction of Seoul that many people visit all year round and is also a good example for foreigners of contemporary environmental restoration techniques.
The purpose of this report is to introduce systematically the establishment procedures and management methods of the World Cup Park that was transformed into an eco park from a waste dumping site, to help policy-makers to understand them easily, and to share experiences of Seoul with foreign countries. It is expected to be especially of help to city governments contemplating the use of suburban areas as waste landfills or securing green spaces for residents.
The report consists of the Goals and Achievements of Establishing Eco Parks (Part 1), Background and Need for Establishment of Eco Parks (Part 2), Implementation Strategy and System (Part 3), Details and Progress (Part 4), Success Factors (Part 5), and Implications for Developing Countries (Part 6).
Chapter 1 Goals and Achievements Related to Establishing Eco Parks
1. Goals and Achievements at the Time of Establishing the Park
1.1. Goal at the Time of Establishing the Park
1.2. Achievement of Park Establishment Compared to Its Goal
2. Social and Environmental Effects
2.1. Accommodation of Leisure Activities
2.2. Increase of Park Resources in Seoul
Chapter 2 Background and Need for Establishment of Eco Parks
1. Surrounding Conditions at Establishment of Eco Park
1.1. Nanjido Waste Dumping Site and Seoul’s Waste Management
1.2. Seoul and Korea’s Situation when Establishing the Park
2. Key Motivation for Establishing an Eco Park
2.1. After-Closure Care of the Dump Site
2.2. Hosting an Environment-friendly World Cup
2.3. Execution of Core Projects of the Citizens’ Elected Mayor
2.4. Foreign Cases Referred
Chapter 3 Strategy and System
1. Connection of Regional Development and Preparations for the 2002 World Cup
1.1. Landfill Stabilization Work
1.2. Park Construction
2. Project Organization and Decision-Making
2.1. Project Organization
2.2. Decision-Making
3. Procurement of Financial Resources
Chapter 4 Details and Progress
1. The Dump Site Stabilization Work
1.1. Overview
1.2. Leachate Treatment
1.3. Landfill Gas Treatment
1.4. Landfill Surface Levelling and Covering
1.5. Slope Stabilization
1.6. Monitoring Facility
1.7. Environmental Plans for Areas Outside of Landfill Stabilization Work
2. Establishment of the Eco Park
2.1. Eco Park Establishment Overview
2.2. Pyeonghwa Park
2.3. Haneul Park
2.4. Noeul Park
2.5. Nanjicheon Park
2.6. Nanji Han River Park
Chapter 5 Success Factor Analysis
1. Contributing Factors to Establishment of World Cup Park
1.1. Deferment of Commercial Development for Environmental Management of the Waste Dumping Site
1.2. Ties with Urban Planning and 2002 World Cup
1.3. Self-Recovery of Ecological Functions through Connection to Surrounding Eco-corridors
1.4. Continuous Improvements of Wildlife Habitat Environment
1.5. Various Traffic Networks Providing Easy Public Access
1.6. World Cup Park Management in Partnership with Citizens
2. Shortcomings
2.1. Disputes Over Establishment of Noeul Park Public Golf Course
Chapter 6 Implications for Developing Countries
1. Lessons Learned from the Project
1.1. Landfills: Thorough Care Necessary, Even after Closure
1.2. Turning Landfills into Parks: Another Opportunity for Urban Restoration
1.3. A Park Ecosystem that Grows on Its Own
1.4. Communication and Cooperation with the Citizens
2. Possibility of Applications in Developing Countries
2.1. Landfills, Future Assets of a City
2.2. Appropriate Environmental Management Method for Unsanitary Landfill
2.3. Provision of new Living Accommodations for Socially Vulnerable People
2.4. Use of Landfill Gas for District Heating
2.5. A Home for Ecology Restoration Education
2.6. Renewal of Landfill Management System
